ülke hakkında bilgiler
news turist haberleri ülke hakkında bilgiler
23 Eylül 2018 Pazar
What Is Salary Loan? How To Get What Is Salary Loan?
Salary loans try to solve this problem. Note that some banks offer Salary Overdraft facility to you. As the ICICI Bank salaries overdraft facility. In this you get overdraft facility of up to two month's salary. You can withdraw money whenever you want and deposit it later. After that, you can withdraw money again. But you see this facility does not mean anything more than your salary. I will not call such loans as a salaried loan. What Is Salary Loan? What Is Salary Loan In Hindi? Salary loans (salary loans) are very short term loans. Use such loans for the expenses before coming to the salaried salary and the loan is paid to the loan upon arrival. When might you need such a loan? For now, you have to book the tickets or planes of the plane on the 22nd of the month. Or some important shopping is to be done or any other necessary expenditure has come up. There is not enough amount in your bank account. What would you do? If you have a credit card, you can use your credit card. But assuming you do not have a credit card or the date of payment of your credit card bill before the date of your salary. If you do not pay the credit card bill on time, you will have to pay higher interest and penalty. Salary loan can prove to be beneficial in such a situation. Where will you get a salaried loan? Banks do not give such loans. But there are some private fintech companies that provide such loans. I will also talk about some such company in this post. Some names are: EarlySalary, LoanTap etc. Note that the company can be more, I have only talked about two companies. To give loans, these companies have tied up with banks or any financial institutions. Who Can Apply For Salary Loan? (Salary Loan Eligibility) Now The Talk Of Salaried Loan Is Going On, Then You Must Get Salari. Only salaried person can apply. How To Get A Salary Loan? How To Get Salary Loan? You have to go to these companies website and apply. These companies claim to lend within a few minutes. You may need to upload your bank statement, salary slip, etc. to apply for a loan. Your application does not mean that you got a loan. Loan is not guaranteed for application. The company decides to give you a loan by looking at your information, your documents and your credit score. Salary loans are unsecured loans. You do not need to give any security or mortgages. How Much Salary Loan Can You Get? What Will Be The Period Of Salary Loan? The rules of the website may be different. But yes, the maximum loan will have some link to your salary. EarlySalary gives you a loan of up to a maximum of Rs 1 lakh. No matter what the loan amount is from your salary, there is no mention of this on the website. The loan can be up to 51 days. You can also choose a short term. You will have to bullet repayment at the same time. There is a loan eligibility calculator on the LoanTap website. You can check the eligibility of your loan. The loan amount depends on many things. I tried with many combinations, but no more than 3 lakh loan amount was found. And yes, you have to pay the loan within 20 days. You will have to bullet repayment at the same time. Note that there are more companies that offer you your overdraft facility but I have not discussed such a company in this post. The difference between Overdraft and Salary Loan is that you can withdraw and deposit money several times in the overdraft. What Is The Interest Rate For Salary Loan? Interest rates can vary from place to place. EarlySalary charges about 2.5% per month. The LoanTap charges about 1.5% per month. Now see, this interest rate is high. But because the loan period is very low (41 days in EarlySalary and 20 days in LoanTap), the higher interest rate is probably not such a big problem. If you have to take such a loan every month, then the higher interest rate is a problem. However, note that because salaried loans are very short-term loans, high interest rates are not a big problem. Now interest rates are not such a big problem in salary loan, but you have to pay attention to processing fees or other charges. That's why the loan amount is small. Any fixed charge also spreads on this small amount. For example, understand. early salary loan early salary loan I took this photo from the website of EarlySalary. You can see that on a loan of 30,000 rupees, you will have to pay the processing fee of Rs 354 (inclusive of GST) and stamp duty together to Rs 454. So, this amount is 1.5% of the loan amount. Do not forget that this loan is only for 51 days. Should You Get Salary Loan? If you do not need loan, then you should not take it. But sometimes you may need money for the next salary. Salary loan can definitely be an option. But when it comes to options, then we have to compare it with other options too. Credit Card and Personal Loan Credit Card Vs. Credit Card Vs. Salary Loan According to me, credit card should be your first option. Because you get interest-free credit period. In the salaried loan, you have to pay interest only. There is no processing fee in credit card, etc. But if you have not paid your credit card bill completely then you have to pay higher interest. Also the penalty will be given and interest free credit period will not be available as well. Note that the credit card interest rate (if not paid) can be higher than the salaried loan. If you do not have the option of a credit card for some reason, then you can think of salary loan. But also keep in mind that the salary loan will also be paid in a few days. Credit card or salaried loans can prove to be effective only in short-term financial crisis. If your financial problem is long or complex, then credit card and salary loan will not be able to help you. If you are planning to pay a salary loan to cover your credit card loan, be careful. You will also have to pay the salaried loan within a few days. Personal Loan Vs. Personal Loan Vs. Salary Loans Salary loan is available for a few days. Personal loan is available for a few months or years. If you want money for a few days, then salary loan will be a better option. If you want more amount or you can pay the loan gradually or loan for a longer period, personal loan will be a better option. But note that if you want to prepayment the personal loan, you will have to give some penalty. The interest rate of personal loan will be much lower than the salaried loan. But as I have said before, the short term of salary loan reduces the high interest rate problem to a great extent. Decide according to your needs. Will you hire a loan? Or do you find a credit card or personal loan better option?
Passing on girl left without torment prescription as mother took the meds for herself, police say
Song Ballweg took her critically ill little girl’s torment pharmaceutical while she was in hospice mind. USA TODAY
A Missouri lady neglected to give her diminishing little girl torment pharmaceuticals and rather took the meds herself, as indicated by charges declared Wednesday by the Troy Police Department.
Tune Ballweg, 46, has been accused of four lawful offense tallies of taking a controlled substance and two wrongdoing checks of mishandling an elderly, incapacitated or powerless individual, as indicated by online court records.
The charges come after therapeutic staff raised rehashed worries about Ballweg’s in critical condition little girl, who was accepting hospice mind and endorsed Fentanyl and oxycodone for torment. Ballweg was her girl’s essential parental figure.
Ballweg had a background marked by asking for her little girl’s pharmaceuticals be filled sooner than ought to have been fundamental, police say. At the point when a specialist requested a trial of the patient’s pee, no hint of the torment medicine was discovered, the discharge said.
Staff additionally found that the patient had bedsores, as per police.
Sept. 11: Naloxone can turn around opioid overdoses, yet does the medication have a place in primary schools?
Section: The opioid emergency hits home. Mine.
After police looked through Ballweg’s home on Tuesday, she confessed to having an opioid fixation and taking her little girl’s oxycodone pharmaceutical and utilizing it herself, the discharge says.
Ballweg’s bond has been set at $100,000 money, with the condition that she have no contact with the casualty. No lawyer is recorded for Ballweg in online court records.
Cocaine-filled inflatables fly on California school grounds, 2 understudies hospitalized
VISALIA, Calif. – Detectives are scrutinizing a 13-year-old kid Friday after they say he conveyed two inflatables loaded up with cocaine to a center school, uncovering in excess of twelve understudies to the medication.
Carl F. Smith Middle School in Terra Bella was overwhelmed with froze guardians on Friday after reports that cocaine had advanced toward the play area.
No less than 13 understudies were uncovered and two understudies were hospitalized, representatives said.
Maricela Madrano landed at the school to get her little girl for a dental specialist arrangement. She was stunned to find out about the episode.
“I’m exceptionally worried for my girl’s wellbeing at school after today,” Madrano said.
“The school should give more regard for the children,” she said. “This is startling.”
Tulare County sheriff’s criminologists and restorative faculty were called to the school around 8:30 a.m. after understudies announced discovering two inflatables loaded up with a “baffling white substance.”
At first, the school staff thought it was flour and were going to “wash it away.” They called 911 as an insurance and dispatchers instructed them to leave the substance where it was, school authorities said.
“They confirmed that it was cocaine,” said Nick Garcia, chief of business administrations for Terra Bella Union Elementary School District.
Paramedics were called and started treating various understudies.
“The reason (the understudies) reached school staff is they were disturbing the inflatables and they pulled open the inflatables and saw white fine substance and two understudies turned out to be exceptionally bleary eyed,” said Tulare County Sheriff Mike Boudreaux.
Starter tests demonstrated the understudies were not affected by the medication, Boudreaux said.
Two understudies ended up mixed up and were taken to Sierra View Medical Center in Porterville as a safety measure, he said.
Boudreaux said paramedics and analysts stayed on scene while they accumulated signs and guaranteed understudies were protected.
Classes continued after the grounds was cleared for drugs, Boudreaux said.
Through the office’s examination, it was found that a 13-year-old kid brought the cocaine onto grounds.
Police canines were utilized and identified cocaine on the understudy’s shirt.
“He is right now being met by criminologists,” Boudreaux said at a question and answer session Friday evening.
A hunt of the understudy’s house was likewise being led, Boudreaux included.
“I’ve sent the word,” Boudreaux said. “Our people group and youngsters are a need.
Nevada school educator shot self on grounds to dissent Trump, police say
A school educator is confronting crime allegations subsequent to shooting himself on a Nevada grounds a month ago in what police say he guaranteed was a dissent of President Donald Trump, the Las Vegas Review-Journal announced.
Human science educator Mark J. Flying creature, 69, was found with a self-caused discharge twisted outside a washroom at the College of Southern Nevada, where he has instructed since 1993. He was accused of releasing a firearm inside a disallowed structure, conveying a covered weapon without an allow and having a risky weapon on school property, as per the Review-Journal.
An understudy saw an injured Bird falter out of the washroom after 8 a.m. on Aug. 28, preceding falling, as indicated by a police report acquired by the Review-Journal. As witnesses attempted to quiet Bird and stop the dying, he said he had shot himself in challenge of Trump.
Inside the washroom, grounds police found a $100 charge taped to a mirror with a note perusing, “For the janitor,” the report said. On the floor were a .22-bore handgun and a spent shell packaging.
Skripal case: Russian ‘spies’ directed Swiss concoction weapons lab
The Spiez research center tests substance, natural and atomic dangers
Two Russian men were captured not long ago on doubt of keeping an eye on a Swiss research center examining the harming of Sergei Skripal, a daily paper examination has guaranteed.
Swiss distribution Tages Anzeiger and Dutch paper NRC said they were captured in the Netherlands not long ago.
The Swiss lab dissected examples from the harming of the previous Russian twofold specialist in the UK.
It has additionally managed suspected synthetic weapons from the war in Syria.
The two men were removed from The Netherlands soon after their capture, which had not been accounted for up to this point.
A representative for Swiss knowledge told the BBC that the organization had been effectively associated with “the instance of the Russian covert operatives”, without specifying the lab at Spiez, close Bern.
In any case, Tages Anzeiger said the Swiss knowledge office had affirmed the discoveries of its joint examination with NRC.
The report says the two men had gear that could have been utilized to break into the lab’s PC frameworks, and furthermore claimed that they worked for Russian knowledge.
England has said that two Russian insight officers completed the harming of Sergei Skripal and his little girl Yulia in Salisbury in March. Both survived, however nearby inhabitant Dawn Sturgess kicked the bucket after introduction to a similar nerve operator months after the fact.
NRC said the two asserted covert operatives focusing on the Swiss lab were not similar men blamed for the harming.
Two Russian men were captured not long ago on doubt of keeping an eye on a Swiss research center examining the harming of Sergei Skripal, a daily paper examination has guaranteed.
Swiss distribution Tages Anzeiger and Dutch paper NRC said they were captured in the Netherlands not long ago.
The Swiss lab dissected examples from the harming of the previous Russian twofold specialist in the UK.
It has additionally managed suspected synthetic weapons from the war in Syria.
The two men were removed from The Netherlands soon after their capture, which had not been accounted for up to this point.
A representative for Swiss knowledge told the BBC that the organization had been effectively associated with “the instance of the Russian covert operatives”, without specifying the lab at Spiez, close Bern.
In any case, Tages Anzeiger said the Swiss knowledge office had affirmed the discoveries of its joint examination with NRC.
The report says the two men had gear that could have been utilized to break into the lab’s PC frameworks, and furthermore claimed that they worked for Russian knowledge.
England has said that two Russian insight officers completed the harming of Sergei Skripal and his little girl Yulia in Salisbury in March. Both survived, however nearby inhabitant Dawn Sturgess kicked the bucket after introduction to a similar nerve operator months after the fact.
NRC said the two asserted covert operatives focusing on the Swiss lab were not similar men blamed for the harming.
Algerian WaFrance has conceded duty regarding the torment and murdering of a socialist extremist in Algeria more than 60 years back.
Maurice Audin, 25, was filling in as a mathematician at the University of Algiers when he was captured in 1957.
In an uncommon confirmation on Thursday, French President Emmanuel Macron said Audin had either been tormented to death or tormented and executed amid French pioneer run the show.
Algeria picked up autonomy from France in 1962 following a grisly seven-year war.
Audin was one of only a handful couple of Europeans in the nation to help Algerian calls for freedom when he vanished amid the Battle of Algiers. He was hitched with three youngsters.
President Macron is because of pay a formal visit to Audin’s dowager on Thursday, and also to open the chronicles “regarding the matter of vanished regular folks and fighters, both French and Algerian”.
Long shadow
In a visit to Algeria in February 2017 while still a presidential applicant, Mr Macron portrayed imperialism as “an unspeakable atrocity”. Later that year, be that as it may, he precluded reparations for any wrongdoings conferred under pioneer run the show.
The Algerian War has left a long shadow in both France and Algeria and it is just lately that Paris has started to recognize a few occurrences of mishandle from the contention.
There are clashing reports about the Algerian loss of life amid the war. French history specialists appraise that up to 400,000 Algerians were murdered while the Algerian government says in excess of one million individuals kicked the bucket.
The French in Algeria – key dates
1830: France possesses Algiers
1848: After an uprising driven by revolt pioneer Abd-el-Kader, Paris pronounces Algeria to be a basic piece of France
1940: France tumbles to Germany in World War Two
1942: Allied arrivals in Algeria
1945: Allied powers overcome Germany. Thousands are executed in expert freedom exhibits in Sétif
1954-62: Algerian War
1962: Algeria turns into an autonomous state
In September 2016, at that point President François Hollande conceded France’s part in the agony of a huge number of Algerian warriors who battled for France, known as harkis, and who were left without insurance toward the finish of the war. A significant number of the individuals who remained were severely murdered in retaliation assaults.
He particularly specified the “duty of French governments in the relinquishment of the harkis, the slaughters of the individuals who stayed in Algeria and the obtuse gathering of those exchanged to France”.
Eleven years sooner, France’s envoy to Algeria apologized for the Sétif and Guelma slaughter in 1945, when French police murdered something like 1,000 Algerians after savage assaults on pioneers in the territory. It is seen by a few history specialists as a key minute prompting the war that broke out nine years after the fact.
In an uncommon confirmation on Thursday, French President Emmanuel Macron said Audin had either been tormented to death or tormented and executed amid French pioneer run the show.
Algeria picked up autonomy from France in 1962 following a grisly seven-year war.
Audin was one of only a handful couple of Europeans in the nation to help Algerian calls for freedom when he vanished amid the Battle of Algiers. He was hitched with three youngsters.
President Macron is because of pay a formal visit to Audin’s dowager on Thursday, and also to open the chronicles “regarding the matter of vanished regular folks and fighters, both French and Algerian”.
Long shadow
In a visit to Algeria in February 2017 while still a presidential applicant, Mr Macron portrayed imperialism as “an unspeakable atrocity”. Later that year, be that as it may, he precluded reparations for any wrongdoings conferred under pioneer run the show.
The Algerian War has left a long shadow in both France and Algeria and it is just lately that Paris has started to recognize a few occurrences of mishandle from the contention.
There are clashing reports about the Algerian loss of life amid the war. French history specialists appraise that up to 400,000 Algerians were murdered while the Algerian government says in excess of one million individuals kicked the bucket.
The French in Algeria – key dates
1830: France possesses Algiers
1848: After an uprising driven by revolt pioneer Abd-el-Kader, Paris pronounces Algeria to be a basic piece of France
1940: France tumbles to Germany in World War Two
1942: Allied arrivals in Algeria
1945: Allied powers overcome Germany. Thousands are executed in expert freedom exhibits in Sétif
1954-62: Algerian War
1962: Algeria turns into an autonomous state
In September 2016, at that point President François Hollande conceded France’s part in the agony of a huge number of Algerian warriors who battled for France, known as harkis, and who were left without insurance toward the finish of the war. A significant number of the individuals who remained were severely murdered in retaliation assaults.
He particularly specified the “duty of French governments in the relinquishment of the harkis, the slaughters of the individuals who stayed in Algeria and the obtuse gathering of those exchanged to France”.
Eleven years sooner, France’s envoy to Algeria apologized for the Sétif and Guelma slaughter in 1945, when French police murdered something like 1,000 Algerians after savage assaults on pioneers in the territory. It is seen by a few history specialists as a key minute prompting the war that broke out nine years after the fact.
Brett Kavanaugh denies sexual offense in secondary school
Brett Kavanaugh, seen here amid his US Senate Judiciary Committee affirmation hearing a week ago
US President Donald Trump’s Supreme Court chosen one Brett Kavanaugh has prevented an affirmation from securing sexual unfortunate behavior amid his secondary school days.
Reports say a unidentified lady guaranteed in a letter to Democrats that Mr Kavanaugh attempted to compel himself on her at a gathering in the mid 1980s.
Senate Democrats on Thursday uncovered that they had alluded a dissension to government specialists.
The judge faces an affirmation vote to join the Supreme Court one week from now.
Five takeaways from the Kavanaugh hearings
Crowd manage’ rocks Senate hearing for judge
Top judge chosen one skirts subpoena question
In an announcement on Friday, the interests court judge stated: “I completely and unequivocally deny this charge. I didn’t do this back in secondary school or whenever.”
What is the affirmation?
The affirmed episode occurred when Mr Kavanaugh was a minor and understudy at Georgetown Preparatory School in Bethesda, Maryland.
The lady – who requested that not be distinguished – was likewise a minor and an understudy at a close-by secondary school. Her letter claims the now judge held her down and secured her mouth with his hand.
They were in a stay with a cohort of Mr Kavanaugh’s, and both young men had been drinking, before turning up the music to stifle her sound of challenges, she asserts. The lady could free herself, the New Yorker said.
Despite the fact that the claimed occurrence was decades prior, the lady said the memory had caused progressing trouble and she had looked for mental treatment.
Why now?
The lady originally moved toward Democratic officials in July, soon after Mr Trump’s selection of him restored the agony of the memory, US media said.
She supposedly sent a letter to her nearby congresswoman, Democrat Anna Eshoo, and Senator Dianne Feinstein, the board of trustees’ best Democrat.
Media captionKavanaugh hearing ‘as per swarm run the show’
Ms Feinstein said the lady “emphatically asked for secrecy, declined to approach or press the issue further, and I have regarded that choice”.
“I have, be that as it may, alluded the issue to government investigative experts,” she said Thursday.
Unknown sources, including a Democratic helper, affirmed to the Associated Press the affirmation is of a sexual sort.
Who is Judge Kavanaugh?
Mr Kavanaugh is a questionable pick for supplanting Justice Anthony Kennedy and he is unequivocally contradicted by a few Democrats for his perspectives, for example, on premature birth.
The 53-year-old was addressed amid four long stretches of hearings with the Senate Judiciary Committee a week ago.
On the off chance that decided for the lifetime arrangement next Thursday, the moderate interests court judge would be relied upon to tilt the Supreme Court’s adjust to one side.
US President Donald Trump’s Supreme Court chosen one Brett Kavanaugh has prevented an affirmation from securing sexual unfortunate behavior amid his secondary school days.
Reports say a unidentified lady guaranteed in a letter to Democrats that Mr Kavanaugh attempted to compel himself on her at a gathering in the mid 1980s.
Senate Democrats on Thursday uncovered that they had alluded a dissension to government specialists.
The judge faces an affirmation vote to join the Supreme Court one week from now.
Five takeaways from the Kavanaugh hearings
Crowd manage’ rocks Senate hearing for judge
Top judge chosen one skirts subpoena question
In an announcement on Friday, the interests court judge stated: “I completely and unequivocally deny this charge. I didn’t do this back in secondary school or whenever.”
What is the affirmation?
The affirmed episode occurred when Mr Kavanaugh was a minor and understudy at Georgetown Preparatory School in Bethesda, Maryland.
The lady – who requested that not be distinguished – was likewise a minor and an understudy at a close-by secondary school. Her letter claims the now judge held her down and secured her mouth with his hand.
They were in a stay with a cohort of Mr Kavanaugh’s, and both young men had been drinking, before turning up the music to stifle her sound of challenges, she asserts. The lady could free herself, the New Yorker said.
Despite the fact that the claimed occurrence was decades prior, the lady said the memory had caused progressing trouble and she had looked for mental treatment.
Why now?
The lady originally moved toward Democratic officials in July, soon after Mr Trump’s selection of him restored the agony of the memory, US media said.
She supposedly sent a letter to her nearby congresswoman, Democrat Anna Eshoo, and Senator Dianne Feinstein, the board of trustees’ best Democrat.
Media captionKavanaugh hearing ‘as per swarm run the show’
Ms Feinstein said the lady “emphatically asked for secrecy, declined to approach or press the issue further, and I have regarded that choice”.
“I have, be that as it may, alluded the issue to government investigative experts,” she said Thursday.
Unknown sources, including a Democratic helper, affirmed to the Associated Press the affirmation is of a sexual sort.
Who is Judge Kavanaugh?
Mr Kavanaugh is a questionable pick for supplanting Justice Anthony Kennedy and he is unequivocally contradicted by a few Democrats for his perspectives, for example, on premature birth.
The 53-year-old was addressed amid four long stretches of hearings with the Senate Judiciary Committee a week ago.
On the off chance that decided for the lifetime arrangement next Thursday, the moderate interests court judge would be relied upon to tilt the Supreme Court’s adjust to one side.
Recuperation and mists on the Spanish skyline
Spain has now observed five long periods of financial development, yet at the same time has the eurozone’s second-most noteworthy joblessness rate after Greece
Ten years on from the emergency in the profundities of the American managing an account framework that set off a worldwide financial stun the genuine inquiry is this – would it be a good idea for us to think back towards the last calamity or checking down to the following one?
In Spain where both the physical and money related scene were modified by the post-quake tremors that took after the crumple of the Lehman Brothers bank it is conceivable to discover two extraordinary buzzwords of monetary reporting next to each other.
There are green shoots of recuperation on the ground – however there are positively storm mists not too far off as well.
Features from Spain after the monetary emergency were frequently delineated by pictures of void flat squares in the betrayed boulevards of apparition towns – networks worked with acquired cash which were deserted when engineers became bankrupt, banks quit loaning and families quit purchasing.
There are still bounty to be found yet in the district of Valdeluz, a short drive from Madrid, we discovered something all the more fascinating. An apparition town which is hinting at becoming animated.
Ten years on from the emergency in the profundities of the American managing an account framework that set off a worldwide financial stun the genuine inquiry is this – would it be a good idea for us to think back towards the last calamity or checking down to the following one?
In Spain where both the physical and money related scene were modified by the post-quake tremors that took after the crumple of the Lehman Brothers bank it is conceivable to discover two extraordinary buzzwords of monetary reporting next to each other.
There are green shoots of recuperation on the ground – however there are positively storm mists not too far off as well.
Features from Spain after the monetary emergency were frequently delineated by pictures of void flat squares in the betrayed boulevards of apparition towns – networks worked with acquired cash which were deserted when engineers became bankrupt, banks quit loaning and families quit purchasing.
There are still bounty to be found yet in the district of Valdeluz, a short drive from Madrid, we discovered something all the more fascinating. An apparition town which is hinting at becoming animated.
Valdeluz in 2012, when most flat squares were unfilled
The neighborhood chairman Miguel Coceras is in most likely that he is changing his town from a “municipio de fantasma” into what he calls a “municipio estrella” – a star city.
Surely if individual vitality could be changed over into power age Miguel would deliver enough throughout a short gathering to control the entire town.
“We are just a neighborhood government, so how completes a nearby government confront a worldwide emergency?” he inquires. “The appropriate response is to center around the individual adjacent to you, the individual living close you.”
Miguel is a communist thus for him a player in the response to the emergency was to utilize open spending to help make preparations of the nearby economy – in spite of the fact that he brings up that it’s not just communists who have confidence out in the open area venture, indicating boost spending in the United States to present his defense.
“On the off chance that you chose to contribute to give your natives more instruction, culture and games you will give them a superior personal satisfaction, and this is the thing that we chose,” he clarifies.
The neighborhood chairman Miguel Coceras is in most likely that he is changing his town from a “municipio de fantasma” into what he calls a “municipio estrella” – a star city.
Surely if individual vitality could be changed over into power age Miguel would deliver enough throughout a short gathering to control the entire town.
“We are just a neighborhood government, so how completes a nearby government confront a worldwide emergency?” he inquires. “The appropriate response is to center around the individual adjacent to you, the individual living close you.”
Miguel is a communist thus for him a player in the response to the emergency was to utilize open spending to help make preparations of the nearby economy – in spite of the fact that he brings up that it’s not just communists who have confidence out in the open area venture, indicating boost spending in the United States to present his defense.
“On the off chance that you chose to contribute to give your natives more instruction, culture and games you will give them a superior personal satisfaction, and this is the thing that we chose,” he clarifies.
Brexit: Carney cautions no-arrangement could see house costs dive
The Bank of England’s representative has cautioned the bureau that a disordered no-bargain Brexit could crash house costs and send another monetary stun through the economy.
Stamp Carney met senior clergymen on Thursday to talk about the dangers of a confused exit from the EU.
His most dire outcome imaginable was that house costs could fall as much as 35% more than three years, a source told the BBC.
The notice echoes a portion of the Bank’s past remarks.
The Bank of England routinely completes “push tests” to check whether the saving money framework can withstand outrageous budgetary stuns.
Its most recent one was directed in November, when it said a 33% fall in house costs could happen in a most dire outcome imaginable.
A few reports said that the Bank senator likewise told the Downing Street meeting that home loan rates could winding, the pound could fall and swelling would rise, and endless mortgage holders could be left in negative value.
Talking on Friday in Dublin, Mr Carney said the pressure test was gone for ensuring the biggest UK banks could keep on meeting the requirements of the nation through “even through a muddled Brexit, anyway improbable that might be”.
“Our activity, all things considered, isn’t to seek after the best yet to get ready for the most exceedingly terrible,” he included.
Getting ready for two ‘no arrangement’ scenariosBrexit papers: What no arrangement could mean
Ahmed: Carney and the “no arrangement” Brexit danger
Brexit could ‘re-touch off clash’ in Northern Ireland
Bank holds rates in the midst of Brexit vulnerability
May says £39bn charge connected to Brexit bargain
Mr Carney, who has quite recently consented to remain on as legislative leader of the national bank until 2020, has confronted solid feedback previously, with Brexiteers blaming him for being a piece of the Remain camp.
Investigation:
Kamal Ahmed, financial matters supervisor
It creates the impression that the Governor wasn’t giving the Cabinet an estimate of what the Bank accepts would occur in case of a no arrangement Brexit. He was informing the Cabinet on what arrangements the Bank was making if that happens, including last November’s pressure test.
It was anything but an estimate.
It was a prophetically catastrophic test where the Bank intentionally sets the parameters past what may sensibly be relied upon to happen. The significant banks all breezed through the test, giving consolation that the monetary framework can adapt to whatever occurs one year from now.
The Governor trusts that a “no arrangement” situation would be awful for the economy. However, not as awful as the features today which depend on a doomsday situation that isn’t really gauge to occur.
Read more from Kamal here
In August, Mr Carney told the BBC that the danger of a no-bargain Brexit was “awkwardly high”.
That remark incited driving Tory eurosceptic Jacob Rees-Mogg to call Mr Carney “the esteemed cleric of Project Fear”, while previous pastor Iain Duncan Smith said “there is no such thing as a no-bargain” and the Bank “attempted to see how this would function”.
Free property master Henry Pryor told the BBC that Mr Carney was “not foreseeing Armageddon, he was not anticipating house costs would fall by a third, they are simply ensuring that if, for some exceptional reason anything was to turn out badly, the bank is readied.”
Be that as it may, he cautioned house costs were probably going to fall in the principal half of the 2019 as individuals put off purchasing in the midst of the Brexit vulnerability, while the quantity of venders, “driven by death, obligation and separation” would stay about the same.
Stamp Carney met senior clergymen on Thursday to talk about the dangers of a confused exit from the EU.
His most dire outcome imaginable was that house costs could fall as much as 35% more than three years, a source told the BBC.
The notice echoes a portion of the Bank’s past remarks.
The Bank of England routinely completes “push tests” to check whether the saving money framework can withstand outrageous budgetary stuns.
Its most recent one was directed in November, when it said a 33% fall in house costs could happen in a most dire outcome imaginable.
A few reports said that the Bank senator likewise told the Downing Street meeting that home loan rates could winding, the pound could fall and swelling would rise, and endless mortgage holders could be left in negative value.
Talking on Friday in Dublin, Mr Carney said the pressure test was gone for ensuring the biggest UK banks could keep on meeting the requirements of the nation through “even through a muddled Brexit, anyway improbable that might be”.
“Our activity, all things considered, isn’t to seek after the best yet to get ready for the most exceedingly terrible,” he included.
Getting ready for two ‘no arrangement’ scenariosBrexit papers: What no arrangement could mean
Ahmed: Carney and the “no arrangement” Brexit danger
Brexit could ‘re-touch off clash’ in Northern Ireland
Bank holds rates in the midst of Brexit vulnerability
May says £39bn charge connected to Brexit bargain
Mr Carney, who has quite recently consented to remain on as legislative leader of the national bank until 2020, has confronted solid feedback previously, with Brexiteers blaming him for being a piece of the Remain camp.
Investigation:
Kamal Ahmed, financial matters supervisor
It creates the impression that the Governor wasn’t giving the Cabinet an estimate of what the Bank accepts would occur in case of a no arrangement Brexit. He was informing the Cabinet on what arrangements the Bank was making if that happens, including last November’s pressure test.
It was anything but an estimate.
It was a prophetically catastrophic test where the Bank intentionally sets the parameters past what may sensibly be relied upon to happen. The significant banks all breezed through the test, giving consolation that the monetary framework can adapt to whatever occurs one year from now.
The Governor trusts that a “no arrangement” situation would be awful for the economy. However, not as awful as the features today which depend on a doomsday situation that isn’t really gauge to occur.
Read more from Kamal here
In August, Mr Carney told the BBC that the danger of a no-bargain Brexit was “awkwardly high”.
That remark incited driving Tory eurosceptic Jacob Rees-Mogg to call Mr Carney “the esteemed cleric of Project Fear”, while previous pastor Iain Duncan Smith said “there is no such thing as a no-bargain” and the Bank “attempted to see how this would function”.
Free property master Henry Pryor told the BBC that Mr Carney was “not foreseeing Armageddon, he was not anticipating house costs would fall by a third, they are simply ensuring that if, for some exceptional reason anything was to turn out badly, the bank is readied.”
Be that as it may, he cautioned house costs were probably going to fall in the principal half of the 2019 as individuals put off purchasing in the midst of the Brexit vulnerability, while the quantity of venders, “driven by death, obligation and separation” would stay about the same.
Manafort supplication bargain: Trump ex-battle boss to help Mueller request
A spectator made his point as resistance legal counselor Kevin Downing tended to the media
Manafort, 69, worked for Mr Trump’s presidential crusade for five months in 2016 and was in control when Mr Trump secured the Republican party selection.
In an announcement, White House representative Sarah Sanders said on Friday: “This had literally nothing to do with the president or his successful 2016 presidential crusade. It is absolutely inconsequential.”
What did we gain from Manafort preliminary?
Manafort: The man who helped Trump win
President Trump has marked the Mueller examination a “witch chase” and demanded there was no plot between his group and Russia. The Kremlin has additionally more than once denied any interfering.
The charges in the arranged second preliminary were to incorporate tax evasion, scheming to dupe the US, witness altering and neglecting to enlist as an outside operator. Jury choice had been because of begin on Monday.
Getting ready for two ‘no arrangement’ situations
A great deal of issue and potential cost for many individuals.
The administration’s spent the evening giving subtle elements of what may need to occur, if there was no arrangement with the EU.
There’s no assurance you’d have the capacity to maintain a strategic distance from huge telephone bills in the event that you utilize your portable abroad, in spite of the fact that pastors say they’d top any information charges at £45 multi month and a portion of the organizations say they won’t change costs.
In the event that you need to go out and about on the mainland, you may require an International Driving Permit.
Free telephone meandering ‘not ensured’
UK driving licenses ‘may not be substantial’
On the off chance that you need to hop on a shoddy trip for a very late end of the week, better check you have a half year left on your identification, or you may be turned back.
On the off chance that there isn’t an arrangement, numerous items tried in the UK after Brexit should experience a similar procedure again – however with an EU expert in control.
The rundown of what may need to happen is a long one. Also, a portion of the trickiest ramifications, similar to what might happen to planes flying among European and British skies, haven’t been distributed yet.
Also, as the French remote priest recommended, the Eurostar probably won’t have the capacity to run, and indeed, planes will most likely be unable to fly if a goals can’t be found.
Distributing the papers are a piece of the administration’s intend to seem as though they are set up for the potential stun and disturbance of the transactions falling flat.
Arrangement strategy?
What’s more, to be sure, for some in government, freely itemizing those arrangements is a piece of a strategy to propose that they have an exit plan and are prepared to leave, if Brussels doesn’t move.
What pastors won’t state, nonetheless, is how much cash we may need to pay the EU if there were to be no arrangement.
The Brexit secretary and the head administrator have both over and over said that the evaluated sticker price of almost £40bn if there is an arrangement would not be forked over the required funds.
Be that as it may, they deny guide clear toward give an appraisal of the amount it would be, on the off chance that we left without an understanding.
The fact of the matter is the cost would most likely still be a large number, and it would take attorneys many, numerous years to have the capacity to concur on it.
Picture copyrightAFP
In that circumstance, the legislature would leave without having the capacity to tell MPs or the general population the amount we would even now need to stump up.
Priests’ conviction, in any case, is that the odds of there being no assention are currently moderately little.
They are confident that one week from now EU pioneers will give accommodating clues at a unique gathering in Salzburg.
On Thursday, the Brexit secretary disclosed to me he trusts the EU will meet the UK “most of the way” on the Irish fringe issue, which for some, numerous months has been the trickiest issue of all.
However there is far to go until he, or anybody in government, can make certain. Also, don’t question that numerous Tory MPs are inflexible they just won’t vote in favor of the sort of proposition Theresa May has put on the table.
One senior MP let me know: “Whether individuals in Number 10 haven’t clarified to her that ‘Chequers short less’ wouldn’t get past the Commons, at that point she is misunderstanding the counsel.”
All things considered, there are two sorts of “no arrangement” – one appears to be far-fetched, where the EU and the UK basically can’t concur. The head administrator returns to Parliament and says: “I’m sad, I attempted, yet it just won’t wash.”
However, the other is that Theresa May returns with an arrangement yet her gathering, and Parliament, hurls it out.
The political atmosphere would be distinctive in those two cases.
Be that as it may, in the potential turmoil of either, the issue illustrated on Thursday may very well be the begin.
The administration’s spent the evening giving subtle elements of what may need to occur, if there was no arrangement with the EU.
There’s no assurance you’d have the capacity to maintain a strategic distance from huge telephone bills in the event that you utilize your portable abroad, in spite of the fact that pastors say they’d top any information charges at £45 multi month and a portion of the organizations say they won’t change costs.
In the event that you need to go out and about on the mainland, you may require an International Driving Permit.
Free telephone meandering ‘not ensured’
UK driving licenses ‘may not be substantial’
On the off chance that you need to hop on a shoddy trip for a very late end of the week, better check you have a half year left on your identification, or you may be turned back.
On the off chance that there isn’t an arrangement, numerous items tried in the UK after Brexit should experience a similar procedure again – however with an EU expert in control.
The rundown of what may need to happen is a long one. Also, a portion of the trickiest ramifications, similar to what might happen to planes flying among European and British skies, haven’t been distributed yet.
Also, as the French remote priest recommended, the Eurostar probably won’t have the capacity to run, and indeed, planes will most likely be unable to fly if a goals can’t be found.
Distributing the papers are a piece of the administration’s intend to seem as though they are set up for the potential stun and disturbance of the transactions falling flat.
Arrangement strategy?
What’s more, to be sure, for some in government, freely itemizing those arrangements is a piece of a strategy to propose that they have an exit plan and are prepared to leave, if Brussels doesn’t move.
What pastors won’t state, nonetheless, is how much cash we may need to pay the EU if there were to be no arrangement.
The Brexit secretary and the head administrator have both over and over said that the evaluated sticker price of almost £40bn if there is an arrangement would not be forked over the required funds.
Be that as it may, they deny guide clear toward give an appraisal of the amount it would be, on the off chance that we left without an understanding.
The fact of the matter is the cost would most likely still be a large number, and it would take attorneys many, numerous years to have the capacity to concur on it.
Picture copyrightAFP
In that circumstance, the legislature would leave without having the capacity to tell MPs or the general population the amount we would even now need to stump up.
Priests’ conviction, in any case, is that the odds of there being no assention are currently moderately little.
They are confident that one week from now EU pioneers will give accommodating clues at a unique gathering in Salzburg.
On Thursday, the Brexit secretary disclosed to me he trusts the EU will meet the UK “most of the way” on the Irish fringe issue, which for some, numerous months has been the trickiest issue of all.
However there is far to go until he, or anybody in government, can make certain. Also, don’t question that numerous Tory MPs are inflexible they just won’t vote in favor of the sort of proposition Theresa May has put on the table.
One senior MP let me know: “Whether individuals in Number 10 haven’t clarified to her that ‘Chequers short less’ wouldn’t get past the Commons, at that point she is misunderstanding the counsel.”
All things considered, there are two sorts of “no arrangement” – one appears to be far-fetched, where the EU and the UK basically can’t concur. The head administrator returns to Parliament and says: “I’m sad, I attempted, yet it just won’t wash.”
However, the other is that Theresa May returns with an arrangement yet her gathering, and Parliament, hurls it out.
The political atmosphere would be distinctive in those two cases.
Be that as it may, in the potential turmoil of either, the issue illustrated on Thursday may very well be the begin.
French legacy lottery means to spare national fortunes
The disintegrating Theater des Blues de Bar in Bar-le-Duc is one recipient It takes a national fortune to spare the national fortune. Stéphane Bern, coordinator of France’s first legacy lottery, is himself something of a treasured organization. A student of history, TV star, and imperial observer, he is currently loaning his VIP to a reason he holds dear – safeguarding the nation’s disintegrating past. In any case, there is another side of Bern that is less outstanding: he is an Anglophile. Furthermore, the entire lottery venture is unequivocally in light of his involvement in the UK. “Britain has dependably been a wellspring of motivation. The British have more regard for their patrimony than we French,” he says. Stéphane Bern is a standout amongst the most conspicuous men in France “I met individuals from the (UK’s) National Lottery and they disclosed to me how a portion of the returns were utilized for protection, and I figured: that is the thing that we should do in France. “I went to Emmanuel Macron (when he was as yet a competitor) and let him know, and he stated: ‘Approve when I am president, you proceed.'” The upshot is the Loto du Patrimoine, whose first draw happens today. Truth be told, the Loto involves two separate amusements. The yearly prize draw tickets cost €3 and guarantee a conceivable big stake of €13 million. Moreover, there is a progressing scratch-card diversion that expenses €15 a shot. Members stand a one-in-three possibility of at any rate recovering their cash, and huge champs can get as much as €1.5m. With 10% of ticket deals heading off to his Heritage Fund, Bern wants to bring €15m-€20m up in the primary year. In the run-up to the dispatch, he held an across the nation meeting over the web, prompting a rundown of somewhere in the range of 2,000 structures in dire need of conservation. This rundown was whittled down to 269 need ventures, of which 18 are portrayed as “symbolic” and will be the first to get cash. Fortress Cigogne, close Brittany, need work to stay stable These incorporate a Roman reservoir conduit close Lyon; a post on the Glenan islands off Brittany; a nineteenth century manor west of Paris; a mechanical period railroad roundhouse; a performance center in the eastern town of Bar-le-Duc; and different chateaux and stately homes. Bern’s conviction is that it isn’t the enormous name landmarks in France that need assurance – they get all the cash they require from the state. It is the a huge number of overlooked fortunes that mull unaided in towns over the land. “France is more extravagant than the UK as far as legacy. In each French town and town you will locate a noteworthy house, a congregation, a wellspring – something of intrigue,” he says. “Be that as it may, the issue is, it won’t be reestablished or saved as it would be in the UK. So we are more extravagant, however we are likewise poorer.” “The French have this impulse to anticipate that the state will do everything. Be that as it may, my message to them is basic: we – the general population – we are the state. Legacy has a place with us, and it is dependent upon us to save it.”
22 Eylül 2018 Cumartesi
ALMANCA DİLİ VE ÖZELLİKLERİ
Profesyonel dil uzmanlarımız, dilin nüanslarında deneyimli olan yerli Almanca konuşmacıları ve etkili çeviri gereksinimlerini içerir. Şu anda bir teklif ister misiniz? Click burada .
Eğer Alman dili ve çeşitli lehçeleri hakkında daha çok şey öğrenmeyi tercih ederseniz, okumaya devam edin.
Alman Dili
Almanya, Almanya ve Avusturya’nın resmi dili olarak kullanılır. Aynı zamanda İsviçre’nin dört resmi dilinden biri (Fransızca, İtalyanca ve Romalı ile birlikte) olarak kullanılır.
Almanya, Almanya ve Avusturya’nın resmi dili olarak kullanılır. Aynı zamanda İsviçre’nin dört resmi dilinden biri (Fransızca, İtalyanca ve Romalı ile birlikte) olarak kullanılır.
Almanca, Lüksemburg boyunca ve eskiden Alsace ve Lorraine olarak bilinen doğu Fransa bölgelerinin nüfusu tarafından da lehçe biçiminde konuşulmaktadır. Ayrıca, Tirol ve Ticino’nun (eskiden Avusturya’nın bir kısmı) kuzey-İtalya sınır bölgelerinde ve özellikle de Slovenya, Slovakya, Romanya (Transilvanya) ve Rusya (Volga bölgesi) olmak üzere doğu Avrupa’ya yayılmış izole topluluklarda konuşulmaktadır. Avrupa dışında, lehçe Almanca, Güney Brezilya, Güney Afrika, Avustralya ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde (özellikle Pennsylvania, Wisconsin ve Teksas) büyük göçmen topluluklarda konuşulmaya devam etmektedir.
Almanya ve Alman Dili Tarihi
Modern Almanca, dilbilimciler tarafından “proto-Germanic” olarak adlandırılan ortak bir tarih öncesi atasından türemiş olan (aynı zamanda İskandinavya, Hollandaca, Flamanca ve İngilizce dilleri de dahil) sözde Almanca dilleri grubuna aittir. “Proto-Germanic” in kendisi, Hint-Avrupa dilleri ailesinin bir kolu olan Kelt, İtalik, Slav, Arnavut, Yunan, Baltık, Ermeni, İran ve Hint dil gruplarını da kapsamaktadır.
Modern Almanca, dilbilimciler tarafından “proto-Germanic” olarak adlandırılan ortak bir tarih öncesi atasından türemiş olan (aynı zamanda İskandinavya, Hollandaca, Flamanca ve İngilizce dilleri de dahil) sözde Almanca dilleri grubuna aittir. “Proto-Germanic” in kendisi, Hint-Avrupa dilleri ailesinin bir kolu olan Kelt, İtalik, Slav, Arnavut, Yunan, Baltık, Ermeni, İran ve Hint dil gruplarını da kapsamaktadır.
En eski arkeolojik bulgular, M.Ö. 750 civarında Alman kabilelerinin güney İskandinavya’da ve Kuzey Denizi ve Baltık kıyılarında, şimdi Hollanda’dan Vistula Nehri’ne kadar yoğunlaştığını ortaya koymaktadır. Gelecek 500 yıl boyunca, bunların bir kısmı, Ren ve Elbe nehirleri boyunca ve Tuna nehri vadisine güneye doğru, Kelt ve Slav kabileleri tarafından daha önce işgal edilmiş toprakları ele geçirirken, diğerleri İskandinavya’da kaldı; Yine de diğerleri, Vistula Nehri boyunca, eninde sonunda Karadeniz’in kıyılarına kadar güneydoğuda gezindi. Cermen kabilelerinin artan coğrafi dağılımı, zamanla, ayrı İskandinav, Alman, Gotik (şimdi soyu tükenmiş) ve daha sonra da Hollandalı (Flamanca) ortaya çıkmasıyla sonuçlanan telaffuz ve dilbilgisel kullanım çeşitlemeleri getirdi.
İ.Ö. 1. yüzyılda, daha sonraları, Germen kabileleri tarafından işgal edilen toprakların bölümleri, genişleyen Roma İmparatorluğu’nun orduları tarafından fethedildi. Bu bölgelerin bazıları daha sonra modern Almanya (batı kısmı), Avusturya ve İsviçre’nin bir parçası haline geldi. Örneğin, bu dönemde kurulan Colonia, Confluentia, Trivium ve Vindobona Roma şehirleri, günümüzde Köln’ün (Köln), Koblenz, Trier ve Viyana’nın (Viyana) modern Alman ve Avusturya kentleri olarak varlığını sürdürmektedir.
Herhangi bir Almanca dilinin en eski yazılı kayıtları, MÖ 1. yy’ın Latin yazarları tarafından isimlendirilmiş isimler ve isimlerdir. MS 200 MS’den, Almanca harfli yazıtlar, 24 harfli bir “runik” alfabesi kullanılarak bulunmuştur. İncil yerel kullanım için tercüme edilmiştir olarak MS 312 yılında Hıristiyanlığa Roma İmparatorluğu’nun resmi dönüşüm yavaş yavaş, yazılı (karşı olarak ağızdan) edebi diller olarak dilleriyle kurulmasını başlatılması, başarılı yüzyıllar boyunca tüm Germen kabileleri Hıristiyanlaşması yol açtı . İkincisinin ilk, parçalanmış örneği, Karadeniz’de yaşayan Gotik konuşan kabilelerin dönüşümü için, Arian kilisesi olarak adlandırılan Visigotik Piskopos Wulfila tarafından yapılan, MS 350’den kalma sözde “Gotik İncil” dir. Tuna ağızları etrafında sahil.
Almanya HaritasıBugün Almanya, Avusturya ve İsviçre’nin bulunduğu bölgede, daha önce Roma dönemlerinde (örneğin, kaufen = Latin caupo’dan, tüccardan, dükkândan) bazı önemli Latince “kültür” kelimelerini emmiş olan Almanca dilleri daha sonradan yapılmıştır. Modern Almanca’nın konuşulan biçimlerini oluşturan dilbilgisi ve telaffuzdaki değişiklikler. Bunlar, coğrafi bir bölüme tekabül eden iki ana gruba ayrılır: Almanya’nın kuzey yarısını oluşturan alçakta kalan kıyı düzlüğünde konuşulan Alçak Alman (“Plattdeutsch”) ve Yüksek Almanca (“Hochdeutsch”) Almanya’nın güney yarısını ve tüm Avusturya ve İsviçre’yi oluşturan dağlık yayla bölgesinde ve dağlık bölgede. Düşük Almanca ve Yüksek Almanca’da, güneyden kuzeye doğru telaffuz ve deyim değişimine neden olan birçok yerel varyasyon vardır.
Ancak güney Almanya’nın yüksek yayla platosunun kuzey-Alman düzlüğüne düştüğü sınır çizgisinde belirgin bir kırılma belirgindir. Almanca’nın “standart” bir biçimi, ilk zamanlarda, 1500’lerin başında Martin Luther tarafından yapılan İncil’in Almanca tercümesine dayanan yazılı bir dil olarak, ilk modern zamanlarda evrimleşmiştir. Bu, Luther’in Saksonya’nın ana bölgesi olan Lehçenin sözde lehçesine – Yüksek Almanca ve Alçak Almanca’nın özelliklerini birleştiren sözde “Doğu Orta Alman” diyalektine tekabül eden bir dildi ve böylece hükümetler arasındaki iletişim için uygun bulundu. Alman-konuşan dünyanın feodal siyasi manzarasını oluşturan birçok posta-pul-büyük müdürlükler.
Matbaanın neredeyse aynı anda sunulması (Gutenberg, Luther’in Kutsal Kitap çevirisini yayınladı) Luther’ın İncil metnini ortaya koymasının sıra dışı ilgisi ve gücü gibi, standart “yazılı” bir dil olan bu “Lutheran” dilinin kabulünü şiddetle abarttı. On sekizinci yüzyılda, Almanca konuşan bir standart (“Hochsprache”), yazılı dile dayanarak, Almanca konuşulan pek çok mahkeme tarafından tiyatroların kurulmasıyla kullanıma girmiştir. Bu “Hochsprache” devlet okullarının müfredatına girdi, çünkü halk eğitimi daha geniş ve daha geniş bir temelde kuruldu ve günümüzde ticari, medya ve filmlerde evrensel olarak kullanılıyor.
Bu, Alman dilinin bir ironisidir, ancak Alman asıllı göçmenlerin Orta Asya’dan gelen göçebe istilacıların saldırılarından kaçması, Batı Roma İmparatorluğu’nun çöküşüne yol açmış olsa da, bir feodal aristokrasi tarafından yönetilen devletlerin imparatorluğun hemen yerine geçmesidir. Büyük ölçüde Germanic ekstraksiyonu, Avrupa kıtasındaki Alman egemenliğine yol açmadı. Göçmen Alman göçmenlerin en politik ve askeri açıdan başarılı olanları – Franks, Langobards, Allemanni ve Visigoths – hepsi, Almanca dillerini, işgal ettikleri Roma topraklarının yerli halkları tarafından konuşulan popüler Latin lehine terk ettiler ve daha sonra yöneteceklerdi. .
Gerçekten de, MS 800 yılında Frank Fransa kökenli bir kral olan Charlemagne tarafından kurulan “Alman Milleti’nin Kutsal Roma İmparatorluğu” adı verilen sözler, Hıristiyan Batı Avrupa’sı boyunca birleştirici bir güç olarak Latin olmayan Almanların kullanılmasını şiddetle desteklemiştir. İslam orduları tarafından kronik istila tehdidi hissediyordu. Bu Kutsal Roma İmparatorluğu’nun sonraki tarihi aynı şekilde, Avrupa’daki Alman yayılmasına sadece çok geç ve güvencesiz bir katkı sağlamıştır. Charlemagne’ın Fransızca konuşan hanedanlığı öldüğünde ve bunun aslında bir tür Almanca (Hohenstauffen) konuşmasıyla değiştirildiği zaman, Fransa toprakları imparatorluk paketinden koparıldı.
Sadece Habsburg hanedanının Kutsal Roma İmparatorluğu’nun kalıntılarını yöneten sonraki dönemlerinde Almanlar, Doğu Orta Avrupa’da (Silezya, Bohemya, Moravya, Slovakya, Galiçya, Bukovina Macaristan, Hırvatistan, Slovenya) ticari kazançlar elde ettiler. .). Modern zamanlarda, Avrupa dışında Avrupa’nın kullanımı, Batı Yarımküre, Afrika ve Avustralya’da yaşayan Almanca konuşan azınlıklar ile sınırlıydı. İtalya gibi, modern Almanya, bir ulus devlet (1870) olarak siyasi birleşmeyi başardı ve İngiliz, Fransız, İspanyol ve Portekiz emperyalist teşebbüslerinin dünyanın çoğunu önledikten sonra denizaşırı sömürgeci genişlemeyi üstlendi. Afrika’daki Alman sömürge kuruluşları (Alman Güneybatı Afrika [şimdi Namibya] ve Kamerun), Batı Pasifik adaları,
Sonuç olarak, Alman dili, bilim ve teknolojinin tarihsel literatürüne (Almanya’nın 1933’e kadar önceleri olduğu) ilişkin büyük önem taşımasına rağmen, bugün küresel ticarette önemli bir rol oynamamaktadır. Herhangi bir Almanca dilinin en eski yazılı kayıtları, MÖ 1. yy’ın Latin yazarları tarafından isimlendirilmiş isimler ve isimlerdir. MS 200 MS’den, Almanca harfli yazıtlar, 24 harfli bir “runik” alfabesi kullanılarak bulunmuştur. İncil yerel kullanım için tercüme edilmiştir olarak MS 312 yılında Hıristiyanlığa Roma İmparatorluğu’nun resmi dönüşüm yavaş yavaş, yazılı (karşı olarak ağızdan) edebi diller olarak dilleriyle kurulmasını başlatılması, başarılı yüzyıllar boyunca tüm Germen kabileleri Hıristiyanlaşması yol açtı .
İkincisinin ilk, parçalanmış örneği, Karadeniz’de yaşayan Gotik konuşan kabilelerin dönüşümü için, Arian kilisesi olarak adlandırılan Visigotik Piskopos Wulfila tarafından yapılan, MS 350’den kalma sözde “Gotik İncil” dir. Tuna ağızları etrafında sahil. (Bu Gotik dilin son kullanım izleri 16. yüzyıla ait Kırım’da, Flaman’ın Konstantinopolis Büyükelçisi tarafından yapılan bir kabile kalıntıları arasında bulunur.)
Dünyada Alman Dili
Bugün Almanya, Avusturya ve İsviçre’nin bulunduğu bölgede, daha önce Roma dönemlerinde (örneğin, kaufen = Latin caupo’dan, tüccardan, dükkândan) bazı önemli Latince “kültür” kelimelerini emmiş olan Almanca dilleri daha sonradan yapılmıştır. Modern Almanca’nın konuşulan biçimlerini oluşturan dilbilgisi ve telaffuzdaki değişiklikler. Bunlar, coğrafi bir bölüme tekabül eden iki ana gruba ayrılır: Almanya’nın kuzey yarısını oluşturan alçakta kalan kıyı düzlüğünde konuşulan Alçak Alman (“Plattdeutsch”) ve Yüksek Almanca (“Hochdeutsch”) Almanya’nın güney yarısını ve tüm Avusturya ve İsviçre’yi oluşturan dağlık yayla bölgesinde ve dağlık bölgede. Düşük Almanca ve Yüksek Almanca’da, güneyden kuzeye doğru telaffuz ve deyim değişimine neden olan birçok yerel varyasyon vardır. Ancak güney Almanya’nın yüksek yayla platosunun kuzey-Alman düzlüğüne düştüğü sınır çizgisinde belirgin bir kırılma belirgindir.
Bugün Almanya, Avusturya ve İsviçre’nin bulunduğu bölgede, daha önce Roma dönemlerinde (örneğin, kaufen = Latin caupo’dan, tüccardan, dükkândan) bazı önemli Latince “kültür” kelimelerini emmiş olan Almanca dilleri daha sonradan yapılmıştır. Modern Almanca’nın konuşulan biçimlerini oluşturan dilbilgisi ve telaffuzdaki değişiklikler. Bunlar, coğrafi bir bölüme tekabül eden iki ana gruba ayrılır: Almanya’nın kuzey yarısını oluşturan alçakta kalan kıyı düzlüğünde konuşulan Alçak Alman (“Plattdeutsch”) ve Yüksek Almanca (“Hochdeutsch”) Almanya’nın güney yarısını ve tüm Avusturya ve İsviçre’yi oluşturan dağlık yayla bölgesinde ve dağlık bölgede. Düşük Almanca ve Yüksek Almanca’da, güneyden kuzeye doğru telaffuz ve deyim değişimine neden olan birçok yerel varyasyon vardır. Ancak güney Almanya’nın yüksek yayla platosunun kuzey-Alman düzlüğüne düştüğü sınır çizgisinde belirgin bir kırılma belirgindir.
Almanca’nın “standart” bir biçimi, ilk zamanlarda, 1500’lerin başında Martin Luther tarafından yapılan İncil’in Almanca tercümesine dayanan yazılı bir dil olarak, ilk modern zamanlarda evrimleşmiştir. Bu, Luther’in Saksonya’nın ana bölgesi olan Lehçenin sözde lehçesine – Yüksek Almanca ve Alçak Almanca’nın özelliklerini birleştiren sözde “Doğu Orta Alman” diyalektine tekabül eden bir dildi ve böylece hükümetler arasındaki iletişim için uygun bulundu. Alman-konuşan dünyanın feodal siyasi manzarasını oluşturan birçok posta-pul-büyük müdürlükler. Matbaa basının hemen hemen eşzamanlı olarak tanıtımı (Gutenberg Luther’in Kutsal Kitap çevirisini yayınladı), bu “Lutheran” dilinin standart yazılı Alman dili olarak kabul edilmesini şiddetle abarttı,
On sekizinci yüzyılda, Almanca konuşan bir standart (“Hochsprache”), yazılı dile dayanarak, Almanca konuşulan pek çok mahkeme tarafından tiyatroların kurulmasıyla kullanıma girmiştir. Bu “Hochsprache” devlet okullarının müfredatına girdi, çünkü halk eğitimi daha geniş ve daha geniş bir temelde kuruldu ve günümüzde ticari, medya ve filmlerde evrensel olarak kullanılıyor.
Bu, Alman dilinin bir ironisidir, ancak Alman asıllı göçmenlerin Orta Asya’dan gelen göçebe istilacıların saldırılarından kaçması, Batı Roma İmparatorluğu’nun çöküşüne yol açmış olsa da, bir feodal aristokrasi tarafından yönetilen devletlerin imparatorluğun hemen yerine geçmesidir. Büyük ölçüde Germanic ekstraksiyonu, Avrupa kıtasındaki Alman egemenliğine yol açmadı. Göçmen Alman göçmenlerin en politik ve askeri açıdan başarılı olanları – Franks, Langobards, Allemanni ve Visigoths – hepsi, Almanca dillerini, işgal ettikleri Roma topraklarının yerli halkları tarafından konuşulan popüler Latin lehine terk ettiler ve daha sonra yöneteceklerdi. . Gerçekten de, MS 800 yılında Fransa’nın bir Fransız kralı olan Charlemagne’nin kurduğu “Alman Milleti’nin Kutsal Roma İmparatorluğu” olarak adlandırılan,
Bu Kutsal Roma İmparatorluğu’nun sonraki tarihi aynı şekilde, Avrupa’daki Alman yayılmasına sadece çok geç ve güvencesiz bir katkı sağlamıştır. Charlemagne’ın Fransızca konuşan hanedanlığı öldüğünde ve bunun aslında bir tür Almanca (Hohenstauffen) konuşmasıyla değiştirildiği zaman, Fransa toprakları imparatorluk paketinden koparıldı. Sadece Habsburg hanedanının Kutsal Roma İmparatorluğu’nun kalıntılarını yöneten sonraki dönemlerinde Almanlar, Doğu Orta Avrupa’da (Silezya, Bohemya, Moravya, Slovakya, Galiçya, Bukovina Macaristan, Hırvatistan, Slovenya) ticari kazançlar elde ettiler. .).
Modern zamanlarda, Avrupa dışında Avrupa’nın kullanımı, Batı Yarımküre, Afrika ve Avustralya’da yaşayan Almanca konuşan azınlıklar ile sınırlıydı. İtalya gibi, modern Almanya, bir ulus devlet (1870) olarak siyasi birleşmeyi başardı ve İngiliz, Fransız, İspanyol ve Portekiz emperyalist teşebbüslerinin dünyanın çoğunu önledikten sonra denizaşırı sömürgeci genişlemeyi üstlendi. Afrika’daki Alman sömürgeci kurumları (Alman Güneybatı Afrika [şimdi Namibya] ve Kamerun), Batı Pasifik adaları ve Çin (Shandong Yarımadası), I. Dünya Savaşında Alman yenilgisinin ardından 1919’da kayboldu. II, Kuzey Afrika’nın geçici bir askeri işgaline para yatırdı.
Sonuç olarak, Alman dili, bilim ve teknolojinin tarihsel literatürüne (Almanya’nın 1933’e kadar önceleri olduğu) ilişkin büyük önem taşımasına rağmen, bugün küresel ticarette önemli bir rol oynamamaktadır.
Dilin Özellikleri ve Özellikleri
Dil, bugün, insan toplumunun ayrılmaz bir parçasıdır. İnsan uygarlığı sadece dil ile mümkün olmuştur. Sadece insanlığın taş devrinden çıktığı ve bilim, sanat ve teknolojiyi büyük ölçüde geliştirdiği bir dildir. Dil bir iletişim aracıdır, keyfi, sistemlerin bir sistemidir. Yazma sekonder iken Konuşma birincil olduğunu biliyoruz.
Dil insandır, bu nedenle hayvan iletişiminden çeşitli şekillerde farklılık gösterir. Dil karakteristiklere sahip olabilir, ancak en önemlileri şunlardır: dil keyfi, üretken, yaratıcı, sistematik, sesli, sosyal, içgüdüsel ve gelenekseldir. Dilin bu özellikleri hayvan iletişiminden ayrı olarak insan dilini belirler. Bu özelliklerden bazıları hayvan iletişiminin bir parçası olabilir; henüz toplamda bir parçasını oluşturmazlar.
Dil Keyfi : Dil, bir dile ait kelimeler ile anlamları ya da kendileri tarafından aktarılan fikirler arasında doğal bir ilişki olmadığı anlamında keyfidir. Bir kadın yetişkin insanın İngilizce’de kadın, Urduca’da aurat, Farsça’da Zen ve Fransız’da Femine olarak adlandırılmasının bir nedeni yoktur. Belirli bir şeyi ya da fikri ifade etmek için seçilen bir kelimenin seçimi tamamen keyfidir, ancak belirli bir referans için bir sözcük seçildiğinde, bu şekilde kalmaya gelir. Dilin keyfi olmadığı, dünyada sadece bir dilin olacağı söylenebilir.
Dil Sosyal : Dil, bir toplulukta iletişim kurmak için insanlar tarafından kullanılan bir dizi geleneksel iletişimsel sinyaldir. Bu anlamda dil, üyelerinin birbirleriyle ilişki kurmalarına, birbirleriyle etkileşime girmelerine, birbirleriyle işbirliği yapmasına izin veren, vazgeçilmez bir kurallar kümesini içeren bir sosyal gruba sahip olmaktır; bu bir sosyal kurumdur. Dil toplumda var; Kültürü besleyen ve geliştiren ve insan ilişkileri kurabilen bir araçtır.
Dil Semboliktir : Dil, çeşitli nesnelere, olaylara veya anlamlara işaret etmek için kullanılan çeşitli ses sembollerinden ve onların gramafonik muadillerinden oluşur. Bu semboller keyfi olarak seçilir ve geleneksel olarak kabul edilir ve kullanılır. Bir dilde bulunan kelimeler sadece işaretler veya rakamlar değil, anlam sembolleridir. Bir dilin anlaşılabilirliği, bu sembollerin doğru yorumlanmasına bağlıdır.
Dil Sistematiktir : Dil sembolik olmasına rağmen, sembolleri belirli bir sistemde düzenlenmiştir. Bütün diller kendi sistemlerini düzenlemektedir. Her dil bir sistem sistemi. Bütün diller fonolojik ve dilbilgisel sistemlere sahiptir ve bir sistem içinde birkaç alt sistem vardır. Örneğin, dilbilgisel sistemde, morfolojik ve sözdizimsel sistemlere sahibiz ve bu iki alt sistemde, çoğul, duygudurum, görünüş, gerginlik vb. Gibi sistemlere sahibiz.
Dil Vokal : Dil öncelikle insan vücudunda sadece fizyolojik bir eklemleme mekanizması tarafından üretilen vokal seslerden oluşur. Başlangıçta, sadece vokal sesler olarak ortaya çıktı. Yazma, daha sonra vokal sesleri temsil etmek için akıllı bir girişim olarak geldi. Yazma sadece dilin seslerinin grafik gösterimidir. Yani dilbilimciler konuşmanın birincil olduğunu söylüyorlar.
Dil İçgüdüsel Olmayan, Konvansiyoneldir : Bir grup insan tarafından karşılıklı olarak üzerinde anlaşılan bir formülün dışında bir günde hiçbir dil yaratılmadı. Dil evrim ve sözleşmenin sonucudur. Her nesil bu sözleşmeyi bir sonrakine aktarır. Bütün insan kurumları dilleri de değişir ve ölür, büyür ve genişler. Her dil bir toplulukta bir sözleşmedir. İnsanın sahip olmadığı için içgüdüsel değildir. Hiçbir beden mirasta dil almaz; o kazanır, çünkü o doğuştan gelen bir yetenek.
Dil Üretken ve Yaratıcıdır : Dil yaratıcılık ve üretkenliğe sahiptir. İnsan dilinin yapısal unsurları, ne konuşmacı ne de onun dinleyicileri hiç dinleyicinin yapamayacağı veya duymadığı, fakat her iki tarafın da zorluk çekmeden anlamadığı yeni sözler üretmek için birleştirilebilir. Dil, toplumun ihtiyaçlarına göre değişir.
Son olarak, dilin iki ses ve anlam sistemine atıfta bulunan İkilik , zaman ve mekanda konuşma becerisi anlamına gelen Yer Değiştirme , hayvanların onu elde edemediği anlamına gelen İnsanlık, dilbilimde insanlık üzerinde denge anlamına gelen evrensellik dilin doğuştan ve üretildiği anlamına gelen gerekçeler, Yetkinlik ve Performans , toplumdur ve dahası, dil kültürel olarak aktarılır. Bir birey tarafından yaşlılardan öğrenilir ve bir nesilden diğerine aktarılır. Bu nedenle, J. Firth’ın terimini kullanarak, dil bir ‘ polisistatiktir ”. Ayrıca çok yönlü açılardan incelenmeye açık.
Dil Sosyal : Dil, bir toplulukta iletişim kurmak için insanlar tarafından kullanılan bir dizi geleneksel iletişimsel sinyaldir. Bu anlamda dil, üyelerinin birbirleriyle ilişki kurmalarına, birbirleriyle etkileşime girmelerine, birbirleriyle işbirliği yapmasına izin veren, vazgeçilmez bir kurallar kümesini içeren bir sosyal gruba sahip olmaktır; bu bir sosyal kurumdur. Dil toplumda var; Kültürü besleyen ve geliştiren ve insan ilişkileri kurabilen bir araçtır.
Dil Semboliktir : Dil, çeşitli nesnelere, olaylara veya anlamlara işaret etmek için kullanılan çeşitli ses sembollerinden ve onların gramafonik muadillerinden oluşur. Bu semboller keyfi olarak seçilir ve geleneksel olarak kabul edilir ve kullanılır. Bir dilde bulunan kelimeler sadece işaretler veya rakamlar değil, anlam sembolleridir. Bir dilin anlaşılabilirliği, bu sembollerin doğru yorumlanmasına bağlıdır.
Dil Sistematiktir : Dil sembolik olmasına rağmen, sembolleri belirli bir sistemde düzenlenmiştir. Bütün diller kendi sistemlerini düzenlemektedir. Her dil bir sistem sistemi. Bütün diller fonolojik ve dilbilgisel sistemlere sahiptir ve bir sistem içinde birkaç alt sistem vardır. Örneğin, dilbilgisel sistemde, morfolojik ve sözdizimsel sistemlere sahibiz ve bu iki alt sistemde, çoğul, duygudurum, görünüş, gerginlik vb. Gibi sistemlere sahibiz.
Dil Vokal : Dil öncelikle insan vücudunda sadece fizyolojik bir eklemleme mekanizması tarafından üretilen vokal seslerden oluşur. Başlangıçta, sadece vokal sesler olarak ortaya çıktı. Yazma, daha sonra vokal sesleri temsil etmek için akıllı bir girişim olarak geldi. Yazma sadece dilin seslerinin grafik gösterimidir. Yani dilbilimciler konuşmanın birincil olduğunu söylüyorlar.
Dil İçgüdüsel Olmayan, Konvansiyoneldir : Bir grup insan tarafından karşılıklı olarak üzerinde anlaşılan bir formülün dışında bir günde hiçbir dil yaratılmadı. Dil evrim ve sözleşmenin sonucudur. Her nesil bu sözleşmeyi bir sonrakine aktarır. Bütün insan kurumları dilleri de değişir ve ölür, büyür ve genişler. Her dil bir toplulukta bir sözleşmedir. İnsanın sahip olmadığı için içgüdüsel değildir. Hiçbir beden mirasta dil almaz; o kazanır, çünkü o doğuştan gelen bir yetenek.
Dil Üretken ve Yaratıcıdır : Dil yaratıcılık ve üretkenliğe sahiptir. İnsan dilinin yapısal unsurları, ne konuşmacı ne de onun dinleyicileri hiç dinleyicinin yapamayacağı veya duymadığı, fakat her iki tarafın da zorluk çekmeden anlamadığı yeni sözler üretmek için birleştirilebilir. Dil, toplumun ihtiyaçlarına göre değişir.
Son olarak, dilin iki ses ve anlam sistemine atıfta bulunan İkilik , zaman ve mekanda konuşma becerisi anlamına gelen Yer Değiştirme , hayvanların onu elde edemediği anlamına gelen İnsanlık, dilbilimde insanlık üzerinde denge anlamına gelen evrensellik dilin doğuştan ve üretildiği anlamına gelen gerekçeler, Yetkinlik ve Performans , toplumdur ve dahası, dil kültürel olarak aktarılır. Bir birey tarafından yaşlılardan öğrenilir ve bir nesilden diğerine aktarılır. Bu nedenle, J. Firth’ın terimini kullanarak, dil bir ‘ polisistatiktir ”. Ayrıca çok yönlü açılardan incelenmeye açık.
Kaydol:
Kayıtlar (Atom)